Distribution
Penaeus indicus is found from the Indo-West Pacific: East and South East Africa to South China, Papua New Guinea and North Australia (FAO, 1980).
Penaeus indicus is found at depths of 2 to 90 m, inhabiting bottom mud or sand. It is most abundant in shallow waters of less than 30 m depth, on sand or mud (FAO, 1984a). The adults are marine and breed offshore, while postlarvae and juveniles are estuarine (FAO, 1980). They are euryhaline and live in brackish, estuarine and marine environments with temperature ranges between 18 and 34.5 oC and salinities of from 5 to 50 ppt (Kutty, Murugapoopathy and Krishnan, 1971; Branford, 1981; CIBA, 1992b; Khan, Aravindan and Kalavati, 2001; Macia, 2004). The optimal salinity for juvenile P. indicus is 10 to 15 ppt.
