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Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)

Accepted
Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)
Grass Carp
Grass Carp
/Ctenopharyngodon idella/Ctide_u0.gif
Grass Carp
🗒 Synonyms
synonymCtenopharingodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)
synonymCtenopharingodon idellus (Valenciennes, 1844)
synonymCtenopharygodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)
synonymCtenopharyngodon idellos (Valenciennes, 1844)
synonymCtenopharyngodon idellus (Valenciennes, 1844)
synonymCtenopharyngodon laticeps Steindachner, 1866
synonymLeuciscus idella Valenciennes, 1844
synonymLeuciscus idellus Valenciennes, 1844
synonymLeuciscus tschiliensis Basilewsky, 1855
synonymPristiodon siemionovii Dybowski, 1877
synonymSarcocheilichthys teretiusculus Kner, 1867
🗒 Common Names
Assamese
  • Grass carp
English
  • Grass Carp
Kannada
  • Hullu
  • Hullugende
Tamil
  • Pullu Kendai
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Brief
Freshwater, Fishery, Commercial
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
Contributors 
Thomas Vattakaven
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY_NC
References 
    Diagnostic Keys
    Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 7 - 8; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 7 - 11
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
    Description
    No barbels. Snout very short, its length less than or equal to eye diameter. Postorbital length more than half head length . 18 soft rays for caudal fin .
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
    No Data
    📚 Natural History
    Life Cycle
    Spawns in gravel bottomed areas of rivers . Eggs are pelagic and hatch while drifting downstream in 2-3 days .
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Shire Man, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
    Migration
    Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
    Size
    Maturity

    75.2 TL 

    Max Length

    150 TL (unsexed) 

    Size

    150 cm TL (male/unsexed; ); max. published weight: 45.0 kg ; max. reported age: 21 years

    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Billard, R. 1997 Les poissons d"eau douce des rivieres de France. Identification, inventaire et repartition des 83 especes. Lausanne, Delachaux & Niestle, 192p. Skelton, P.H. 1993 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
    Trophic Strategy
    Current velocities range from 0.6 m/s to 1.8 m/s. Feeding and spawning migrations depending on water temperature and water level are reported. The juveniles winter in deep holes in the river bed.
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. ShireMan, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
    Diseases
    Anchor worm Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Anchorworm Disease (Lernaea sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Bothriocephalus Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Capillaria Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Columnaris Disease (e.). Bacterial ; Columnaris Disease (l.). Bacterial ; Columnaris Disease (m.). Bacterial ; Dactylogyrus Gill Flukes Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Fish louse Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Gonad Nematodosis Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ; Grass Carp Haemorrhagic Disease Reovirus. Viral ; Trichodina Infection 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc. )
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. $
    2. ShireMan, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p. $
    3. Arthur, J. R. And S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102p. FAO, Rome.
    4. Shariff, M. and C. Sommerville 1986 Identification and distribution of Lernaea spp. in Peninsular Malaysia. p. 269-272. In: J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos (eds.) The first Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. $
    5. Bunkley-Williams, L. and E.H. Williams Jr. 2002 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the Neotropical region. (Book review) Caribb. J. Sci. 38(3-4):289-294. $
    6. Fijan, N. 1999 Spring viraemia of carp and other viral and agents of warm-water fish. p.177-244. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Br$
    7. Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. $
    No Data
    📚 Habitat and Distribution
    General Habitat
    Habitat demersal; potamodromous ; freshwater; depth range 0 - 30 m
    Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY_NC
    References 
    1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Shao, K.-T. and P.L. Lim 1991 Fishes of freshwater and estuary. Encyclopedia of field guide in Taiwan. Recreation Press, Co., Ltd., Taipei. vol. 31. 240 p. (in Chinese).
    Freshwater and tolerance to brackish water, river to culture tank
    Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
    Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY
    References 
      Description
      Remark

      Occurs in Maharashtra

      Occurrence

      introduced 

      Distribution

      Asia: China to eastern Siberia (Amur River system, Ref. 1441). Widely transported around the world . Introductions often brought with it the parasitic nematode Bothriocephalus opsarichthydis . Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.

      Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
      Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY_NC
      References 
      1. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
      Global Distribution

      Australia, China, Russia, Widely Introduced Elsewhere In Asia, Europe, Usa,india

      Local Distribution

      Introduced in culture system throughout India, Assam (Exotic in Barak and Brahmaputra valley)

      Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
      Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY
      References 
        No Data
        📚 Occurrence
        No Data
        📚 Demography and Conservation
        Conservation Status
        Not Evaluated IUCN 2006
        Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
        Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY_NC
        References 
        1. 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
        IUCN Redlist Category: Not Evaluated
        Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
        Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Lani Sarma (2016) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY
        References 
          No Data
          📚 Uses and Management
          Uses
          fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes
          Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
          Attributions Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=79, version (12/2013).
          Contributors 
          Status UNDER_CREATION
          Licenses CC_BY_NC
          References 
          1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p. Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, FlorIda, USA. Kinzer, J. 1983 Aquarium Kiel: Beschreibungen zur Biologie der ausgestellten Tierarten. Institut fur Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel. pag. var.
          No Data
          📚 Information Listing
          References
          Overview > Diagnostic > Diagnostic Keys
          1. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
          Overview > Diagnostic > Description
          1. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
          Natural History > Life Cycle
          1. Shire Man, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
          Natural History > Migration
          1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.
          Natural History > Size
          1. Billard, R. 1997 Les poissons d"eau douce des rivieres de France. Identification, inventaire et repartition des 83 especes. Lausanne, Delachaux & Niestle, 192p. Skelton, P.H. 1993 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
          Natural History > Trophic Strategy
          1. ShireMan, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
          Natural History > Diseases
          1. Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. $
          2. ShireMan, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p. $
          3. Arthur, J. R. And S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102p. FAO, Rome.
          4. Shariff, M. and C. Sommerville 1986 Identification and distribution of Lernaea spp. in Peninsular Malaysia. p. 269-272. In: J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos (eds.) The first Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. $
          5. Bunkley-Williams, L. and E.H. Williams Jr. 2002 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the Neotropical region. (Book review) Caribb. J. Sci. 38(3-4):289-294. $
          6. Fijan, N. 1999 Spring viraemia of carp and other viral and agents of warm-water fish. p.177-244. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Br$
          7. Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. $
          Habitat and Distribution > General Habitat
          1. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Shao, K.-T. and P.L. Lim 1991 Fishes of freshwater and estuary. Encyclopedia of field guide in Taiwan. Recreation Press, Co., Ltd., Taipei. vol. 31. 240 p. (in Chinese).
          Habitat and Distribution > Distribution > Description
          1. Shireman, J.V. and C.R. Smith 1983 Synopsis of biological data on the grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1884). FAO Fish. Synop. No.135, 86 p.
          Demography and Conservation > Conservation Status
          1. 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
          Uses and Management > Uses
          1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p. Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, FlorIda, USA. Kinzer, J. 1983 Aquarium Kiel: Beschreibungen zur Biologie der ausgestellten Tierarten. Institut fur Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel. pag. var.

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          Freshwater fish fauna of the Ashambu Hills landscape, southern Western Ghats, India, with notes on some range extensions

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          Journal of Threatened Taxa
          No Data
          📚 Meta data
          No Data
          🐾 Taxonomy
          RootRoot
          KingdomAnimalia
          PhylumChordata
          ClassActinopterygii
          OrderCypriniformes
          FamilyCyprinidae
          GenusCtenopharyngodon
          SpeciesCtenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes 1844)
          📊 Temporal Distribution
          📷 Related Observations
          👥 Groups
          India Biodiversity PortalIndia Biodiversity Portal
          Assam Biodiversity PortalAssam Biodiversity Portal
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