Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes, 1847

Accepted

Oil Sardine/Bhootaayi

🗒 Synonyms

synonym	Alausa scombrina Valenciennes, 1847
synonym	Clupea longiceps (Valenciennes, 1847)
synonym	Sardinella neohowii Valenciennes, 1847

🗒 Common Names

English	Indian Oil-sardine Indian Oil Sardine Malabar Sardine Oil Sardine
Gujarati	Tarali તરલી
Kannada	Baige Boothai Buthai Tarli-multhi ತಾರಲಿ ಮುಲಥಿ ಬುತಾಯ್ ಬೇಗಿ
Malayalam	Mathi Nallamathi Nalla-mathi Nalla Mathi ചാരള നല്ലമത്തി നല്ല മത്തി പെയ് പാള മത്തി
Marathi	Haid Haird Kanat Tarali Tarli कानात तरळी तराळी हऐद हऐरद
Tamil	Charlay Nonalai Paichalai Paycharlay சராளை சார்⁮ளே நொனலை நொனாளை பேய்சராளை பேய்சாளை பேய் சாளை பேய்ச் சாலை
Telugu	Noona-kavallu నూన కావల్లు

📚 Overview

Overview

Summary

Brief

Brackish, Marine, Fishery

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References

Diagnostic

Diagnostic Keys

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13 - 21; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 12 - 23; Vertebrae: 45 - 49

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Description

Body sub-cylindrical; a faint golden spot behind gill opening, followed by a faint golden mid-lateral line; a distinct black spot at hind border of gill cover (absence of pigment). Distinguished from all clupeids in the northern Indian Ocean by its pelvic fin ray count of i 8; from S. neglecta and S. lemuru by its longer head and more lower gill rakers. No prominent keel. See also Refs. 3683, 818 and 393 .

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

SubSpecies Varieties Races

Diagnostic Keys

Description

No Data

📚 Nomenclature and Classification

Nomenclature and Classification

Taxon Record Name

References

Type Information

No Data

📚 Natural History

Natural History

Life Cycle

Spawning usually takes place at night .

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Cyclicity

Reproduction

Migration

Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.

Dispersal

Life Expectancy

Size

Maturity

15.9 TL

Max Length

26 TL (unsexed)

Size

23.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; ); max. published weight: 200 g ; max. reported age: 3 years

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Bykov, V.P. 1983 Marine fishes: chemical composition and processing properties. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 333 p. Rosa, H., Jr. and T. Laevastu 1960 Comparison of biological and ecological characteristics of sardines and related species - a preliminary study. p. 523-552. In H. Rosa, Jr. and G. Murphy (eds.) Proc. World Scientific Meeting on the Biology of Sardines and Related Species, 14-21 September 1959, Rome, Italy. Vol. 2, Species Synopses.

Feeds on plants and benthic invertebrates.

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Platybothrium Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) ;

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Nair, R.V. 1960 Synopsis on the biology of the Indian sardines. Proc. World Scient. Meeting Biol. Sard. Related Spec. 2:329-414.

Miscellaneous Details

No Data

📚 Habitat and Distribution

Habitat and Distribution

General Habitat

Habitat

Marine

Habitat pelagic-neritic; oceanodromous ; marine; depth range 20 - 200 m

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.

Distribution

Description

Remark

Found in coastal waters between Quilon in Kerala and Ratnagiri in Maharashtra

Occurrence

native

Distribution

Indian Ocean: northern and western parts only, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, but apparently not Red Sea or the Persian Gulf, eastward to southern part of India, on eastern coast to Andhra; possibly to the Andaman Islands. Thus, studies pertaining to this species from the Philippines or Indonesia probably refer to Sardinella lemuru.

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Endemic Distribution

No Data

📚 Occurrence

Occurrence

No Data

📚 Demography and Conservation

Demography and Conservation

IUCN Red List Category

Least Concern

Not Evaluated IUCN 2006

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.

Threats

Legislation

Protection Legal Status

No Data

📚 Uses and Management

Uses and Management

Uses

fisheries: highly commercial; price category: low; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species

Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).

Attributions	Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2013. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication.; http://www.fishbase.org/Country/CountrySpeciesSummary.php?c_code=356&id=1511, version (12/2013).
Contributors	Thomas Vattakaven
Status	UNDER_CREATION
Licenses	CC_BY_NC
References	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p.

Folklore

Management

No Data

📚 Information Listing

Information Listing

Species Resources

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN)

Encyclopedia of Life (EOL)

Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)

National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)

References

Overview > Diagnostic > Diagnostic Keys

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Overview > Diagnostic > Description

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Natural History > Life Cycle

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Natural History > Migration

Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p.

Natural History > Size

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Bykov, V.P. 1983 Marine fishes: chemical composition and processing properties. Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 333 p. Rosa, H., Jr. and T. Laevastu 1960 Comparison of biological and ecological characteristics of sardines and related species - a preliminary study. p. 523-552. In H. Rosa, Jr. and G. Murphy (eds.) Proc. World Scientific Meeting on the Biology of Sardines and Related Species, 14-21 September 1959, Rome, Italy. Vol. 2, Species Synopses.

Natural History > Trophic Strategy

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Natural History > Diseases

Nair, R.V. 1960 Synopsis on the biology of the Indian sardines. Proc. World Scient. Meeting Biol. Sard. Related Spec. 2:329-414.

Habitat and Distribution > General Habitat

Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. Al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47.

Habitat and Distribution > Distribution > Description

Whitehead, P.J.P. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeioidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. Part 1 - Chirocentridae, Clupeidae and Pristigasteridae. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303.

Demography and Conservation > Conservation Status

2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.

Uses and Management > Uses

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 1992 FAO yearbook 1990. Fishery statistics. Catches and landings. FAO Fish. Ser. (38). FAO Stat. Ser. 70:(105):647 p.

Images

No Data

📚 Meta data

Meta data

No Data

🐾 Taxonomy

Root	Root
Kingdom	Animalia
Phylum	Chordata
Class	Actinopterygii
Order	Clupeiformes
Family	Clupeidae
Genus	Sardinella
Species	Sardinella longiceps Valenciennes 1847

📊 Temporal Distribution

📷 Related Observations

👥 Groups

India Biodiversity Portal