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Leprosy

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Mycobacterial Skin Infections

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Abstract

Leprosy (synonyms: Hansen’s disease, Hanseniasis, Hansenosis, Lepra) (from the Latin word lepra, which means “scaly” and the Greek lepo meaning “to scale”) is a chronic infective granulomatous disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae, an intracytoplasmic parasite of Schwann cells and macrophages. It mainly affects the peripheral nervous system, skin, and other tissues such as the reticuloendothelial system, mucous membranes, the eyes, testes, bones and joints, muscles, and adrenal glands [1–10]. Among communicable diseases, leprosy is one of the leading causes of permanent physical disability worldwide. The disease and resulting visible deformities contribute to the intense social stigma associated with this affliction, that provokes discrimination and avoidance of any contact with patients and their families. Pathogenic transmission occurs via person-to-person contact, especially through the nasorespiratory route, although there is some possibility of transplacental infection [11]. Recently, zoonotic infections have also been reported [12, 13].

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  1. Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy

    Domenico Bonamonte MD, PhD

  2. University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy

    Angela Filoni MD, Pietro Verni MD, Paolo Romita MD & Gianni Angelini MD (Professor of Dermatology, Former Professor and Chairman)

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    Domenico Bonamonte

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    Gianni Angelini

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Bonamonte, D., Filoni, A., Verni, P., Romita, P., Angelini, G. (2017). Leprosy. In: Bonamonte, D., Angelini, G. (eds) Mycobacterial Skin Infections. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48538-6_5

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