Abstract
During the last two decades, Sri Lanka has made much progress in eliminating leprosy. Sri Lanka achieved leprosy elimination target in 1995 at the national level, which is 5 years ahead of the targeted year 2000, set by WHO. Integration of leprosy services to the general health services was started in 2001. But still leprosy patients and their complications are major health burden in our skin clinics. This chapter illustrates different clinical manifestations in indeterminate, tuberculoid, borderline, lepromatous and pure neural leprosy; type I and type II reactions; deformities; and drug side effects.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Barth-Jaeggi T, Steinmann P, Mieras L et al (2016 Nov) LPEP study group. Leprosy Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (LPEP) programme: study protocol for evaluating the feasibility and impact on case detection rates of contact tracing and single dose rifampicin. BMJ Open 6(11):e013633. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013633
Bucaretchi F, Vicente DC, Pereira RM, Tresoldi AT (2005 Nov–Dec) Dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome in an adolescent during treatment during of leprosy. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 46(6):331–4. Epub Jan 10
Cheng HM, Kumarasinghe SP (2015 Feb) Sensory testing with the sharp point of a folded piece of paper. Australas J Dermatol 56(1):e28. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.12217
Cuevas J, Rodríguez-Peralto JL, Carrillo R, Contreras F (2007 Jun) Erythema nodosum leprosum: reactional leprosy. Semin Cutan Med Surg 26(2):126–130
Dabrera TM, Tillekeratne LG, Fernando MS, Kasturiaratchi ST, Østbye T (2016 Oct) Prevalence and correlates of leprosy in a high-risk community setting in Sri Lanka. Asia Pac J Public Health 28(7):586–591. https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539516666360
Eichelmann K, González González SE, Salas-Alanis JC, Ocampo-Candiani J (2013 Sep) Leprosy. An update: definition, pathogenesis, classification, diagnosis, and treatment. Actas Dermosifiliogr 104(7):554–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adengl.2012.03.028. Epub 2013 Jul 17
Fernando M, Kankananarachchi I, Navabalasooriyar P et al (2019 May) A case of dapsone-induced severe agranulocytosis causing life-threatening skin sepsis in a Sri Lankan child with borderline leprosy: a success story! Case Rep Med 2019, 2314379. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2314379. eCollection 2019
Fischer M (2017 Aug) Leprosy – an overview of clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 15(8):801–827. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddg.13301
Han XY, Jessurun J (2013 Jan) Severe leprosy reactions due to Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Am J Med Sci 345(1):65–69. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31826af5fb
Han XY, Sizer KC, Thompson EJ et al (2009 Oct) Comparative sequence analysis of Mycobacterium leprae and the new leprosy-causing Mycobacterium lepromatosis. J Bacteriol 191(19):6067–74. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.00762-09. Epub 2009 Jul 24
Jurado F, Rodriguez O, Novales J et al (2015 Jan–Feb) Lucio’s leprosy: a clinical and therapeutic challenge. Clin Dermatol 33(1):66–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.004
Kumarasinghe SP, Kumarasinghe MP, Amarasinghe UT (2004 Sep) “Tap sign” in tuberculoid and borderline tuberculoid leprosy. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 72(3):291–295
Kumarasinghe SP, Kumarasinghe MP (2004 Jun) Should large lesions of leprosy be considered as “multibacillary” for treatment purposes even if the total number of lesions is less than five? Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 72(2):173–174
Kumarasinghe SP (2001 Apr) Some useful clinical clues and techniques in the diagnosis of tuberculoid leprosy. Int J Dermatol 40(4):301–303
Liu H, Wang Z, Bao F et al (2019 Jun) Evaluation of prospective HLA-B*13:01 screening to prevent dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome in patients with leprosy. JAMA Dermatol 155(6):666–672. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.5360
Lockwood DNJ (2016) Leprosy. Rook’s textbook of dermatology, 9 edn. Wiley-Blackwell Science, p 28.1–28.15
Massone C, Belachew WA, Schettini A (2015 Jan–Feb) Histopathology of the lepromatous skin biopsy. Clin Dermatol 33(1):38–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.10.003
Ranawaka RR, Weerakoon HS (2009) Childhood leprosy: three years’ experience from anuradhapura district, Sri Lanka: a hospital – based study. Sri Lanka J Dermatol 13
Ranawaka RR, Mendis S, Weerakoon HS (2008 Dec) Dapsone-induced haemolytic anaemia, hepatitis and agranulocytosis in a leprosy patient with normal glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity. Lepr Rev 79(4):436–440
Reibel F, Cambau E, Aubry A (2015 Sep) Update on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of leprosy. Med Mal Infect 45(9):383–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medmal.2015.09.002. Epub 2015 Oct 1
Polycarpou A, Walker SL, Lockwood DN (2013 Oct) New findings in the pathogenesis of leprosy and implications for the management of leprosy. Curr Opin Infect Dis 26(5):413–419. https://doi.org/10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283638b04
Rocha RH, Emerich PS, Diniz LM et al (2016 Sep-Oct) Lucio’s phenomenon: exuberant case report and review of Brazilian cases. An Bras Dermatol 91(5 suppl 1):60–63. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20164370
Sehgal VN (2005 Jul) Lucio's phenomenon/erythema necroticans. Int J Dermatol 44(7):602–605
Singh P, Benjak A, Schuenemann VJ et al (2015 Apr). Insight into the evolution and origin of leprosy bacilli from the genome sequence of Mycobacterium lepromatosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 112(14):4459–64. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421504112. Epub 2015 Mar 23
Smith CS, Aerts A, Saunderson P et al (2017 Sep). Multidrug therapy for leprosy: a game changer on the path to elimination. Lancet Infect Dis 17(9):e293–e297. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30418-8. Epub 2017 Jul 7
Talhari C, Talhari S, Penna GO (2015 Jan–Feb) Clinical aspects of leprosy. Clin Dermatol 33(1):26–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2014.07.002
Tangamornsuksan W, Lohitnavy M (2018 Apr) Association between HLA-B*1301 and dapsone-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol 154(4):441–446. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2017.6484
Weerakoon HS, Ranawaka RR (2012) Retrospective analysis of leprosy reactions in three-year period. Sri Lanka J Dermatol 16:10–13
Wijeratne MP, Østbye T (2017 Mar) Knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to leprosy among public health care providers in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Lepr Rev 88(1):75–84
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ranawaka, R.R. (2021). Leprosy. In: Ranawaka, R.R., Kannangara, A.P., Karawita, A. (eds) Atlas of Dermatoses in Pigmented Skin. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5483-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5483-4_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-5482-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-5483-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)