'Moon man' Mylswamy Annadurai on transforming healthcare through space technology

Mylswamy Annadurai, known as the "Moon Man of India," has been an inspiration in the Indian Space Research Organisation (Isro) and beyond. He was instrumental in the development of the spacecraft for Chandrayaan-1, marking India's inaugural lunar mission.

Recognised with a Padma Shri award, he served as the program director not only for Chandrayaan-1 but also for Chandrayaan-2 and the Mars Orbiter Mission. Currently, Dr Annadurai serves as one of the Board of Directors of SS Innovations

With a tenure of almost 40 years at Isro, Dr Annadurai has made significant contributions to space technology, which he now envisions repurposing to revolutionise India's healthcare system.

In an interview with IndiaToday.In, the "Moon Man of India" shared his vision for leveraging space medical research to improve healthcare across India.

He emphasised the importance of healthcare advancements for astronauts, which have led to innovations such as robotic surgery. These technologies, born out of the necessity to provide medical care in space, have the potential to transform healthcare on Earth, making it more accessible and efficient.

"Initially designed for space industry needs, robotic surgery faced developmental challenges, leading it to branch into the healthcare industry. Many technologies and lightweight materials developed for space applications have found applications in healthcare, including artificial limbs and infant incubators," Mylswamy Annadurai said.

His experience with remote operations in space missions is particularly relevant. He drew parallels between operating lunar systems from Earth and the possibility of conducting remote surgeries in India.

"The satellite technology allows for remote understanding, data retrieval and correction. A similar approach could be applied in the healthcare industry. If we can use technology to address issues remotely, why not implement a comparable strategy in healthcare? I have received support from the organisation I am associated with, and it has given me the opportunity to explore similar applications in healthcare," he added.

This could bridge the gap between rural areas and urban medical facilities, allowing patients in remote locations to receive high-quality care from specialists in metropolitan cities.

The former scientist, who is known for his contributions to ISRO's Chandrayaan-1 mission, also highlighted the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing medical diagnostics and procedures.

As AI can assist in real-time image analysis, anomaly detection, and decision support during surgery, Annadurai suggested that integrating AI with medical expertise can lead to more accurate and timely interventions, even in the most remote parts of the country.

One of the key challenges, however, Annadurai pointed out is the reliance on imported medical equipment in India. He highlighted a closer collaboration between Indian medical practitioners and technologists to develop cost-effective, indigenous solutions.

He said, "The technology is there, but it needs to be converted to meet our specific needs. I see the host of the part of the robotic system versus a mapping of who can do it. We are trying to map technologies into specific requirements, making it more and more indigenous to increase affordability. We aim for reliability, especially in vital operations. I am into researching and developing medical electronics for affordable healthcare solutions. Artificial intelligence plays a major role in overcoming challenges in this process."

By understanding the specific needs of the Indian healthcare system, the country can create instruments that are proudly 'Made in India.'

Annadurai's dedication to indigenous technology extends to his desire to see local companies collaborate and innovate in advanced engineering setups compatible with robotic systems used in surgeries.

His focus on training young engineers in space technology reflects his commitment to nurturing talent that can contribute to the healthcare sector.

"Leveraging my expertise, I aim to bridge the gap in medical equipment, specifically focusing on telemedicine and remote diagnostics. Looking ahead, I envision extending my professional career from space to healthcare, with a focus on making medical equipment more affordable and accessible within India," he said.