PRAWN FISHERY & DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PRAWN IN INDIA
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This document discusses the prawn fishery in India, including different types and species of prawns. It outlines that prawn fishery is one of India's most important crustacean fisheries. There are four main types of prawn fishery: shallow water, saline lake, fresh water, and marine water. It then describes the five main genera of prawns found in India - Penaeus, Metapenaeus, Parapenaeopsis, Palaemon, and Macrobrachium - and provides details on some common species within each genera, including their locations, sizes, and other characteristics.
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PRAWN FISHERY & DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PRAWN IN INDIA
- 2. PRAWN FISHERY & DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PRAWN IN INDIA Balwant Singh Deportment of Applied Animal Science BABASAHEB BHIMRAO AMBEDKAR UNIVERSITY Lucknow-226025 INDIA balwantsingh1642@gmail.com By
- 3. What is the prawn fishery ? • Apart from some of the aquatic crustaceans are also included among the fishery of economic importance. • Prawn fishery is a most important cultural crustacean fishery in India. • The prawn fishery of India is next to that of USA. • Prawn production in Kerala State and Maharashtra coast is 92.40% of the total of all India prawn catch.
- 4. Types of Prawn Fishery • According to their quality, topography and nature of water; Prawn fishery are categorized in four types- 1) Shallow Water Prawn Fishery 2) Saline Lake Prawn Fishery 3) Fresh Water Prawn Fishery 4) Marine Water Prawn Fishery
- 5. Shallow Water Prawn Fishery • It is located on the west coast. • Where fishing is restricted to shallow water near the coast. • It is the rarely exceeding 18 meters in depth. • During the monsoon months of June to August the fish shoals come near the coast and fishermen are enabled to catch prawns with cast nets.
- 6. Saline Lake Prawn Fishery • The principal areas of production of prawn are extending along the southern half of coast. • Chilka lakes, and Estuaries of Ganga and Brahmputra river on the east coast are also important for saline prawn fishery. • Chilka lake is much rich in prawn production.
- 7. Fresh Water Prawn Fishery • This type of prawn fishery are done in throughout the country. • In the fresh water prawn are caught from river, lakes, ponds, and other fresh water resources. • Some species are also caught from Brackish water lakes during certain months when the salinity is low, and the prawn migrates into them temporarily, chiefly for breeding.
- 8. Marine Water Prawn Fishery • Most the marine prawns caught along the Indian coast belong to the family Penaeidae. • Marine prawns are found of warm shallow seas and swarm, both in their larval and adult stages, in muddy waters. • Three genera like Penaeus, Metapenaeus, and Prapenaeus are commonly found.
- 9. Species of Prawn in India • In India mostly five genera of prawn are reported, are as follows : 1) Penaeus 2) Metapenaeus 3) Parapenaeopsis 4) Palaemon 5) Macrobrachium
- 10. Penaeus indicus • This is the most common commercial prawn species. • This is found in both the coasts, occurring through coastal water and estuaries to coastal lakes. • It can attain maximum length up to 20 cm.
- 11. Penaeus monodon • This is largest sea prawn. • Found in Indian water of east and west coasts. • It can attain maximum length up to 30 cm.
- 12. Penaeus japonicus • It is mostly found in sea coast of east areas. • It can attain maximum length up to 26 cm.
- 13. Penaeus semisulcatus • This is mostly found in both West Bengal coast and Mumbai coast. • This can be attain maximum length up to 20 cm.
- 14. Penaeus merguiensis • This is found both east and west coast in India. • This is the main species for catching easily. • This can be attain maximum length up to 18 cm.
- 15. Metapenaeus affinis • This is commonly found in paddy field of West Bengal. • Some time it may be found on the Mumbai coast also. • It can attain a length of 13 cm. when fully grown.
- 16. Metapenaeus dobsoni • This is commonly found in brackish water and estuaries. • It is dominant species on Kerala coast and fishing throughout the year. • It can grow up to maximum length 11 cm. and its life span 3 years.
- 17. Metapenaeus monoceros • This is found the entire coast line. • It is common for estuaries water. • It can attain a maximum length up to 17 cm.
- 18. Parapenaeopsis stylifera • This is found on the west coast. • It is maximum fished in Kerala State in the months of December to May. • It can grow up to maximum length 11 cm. • Life span of this prawn is of 2 years.
- 19. Palaemon fluminicola • This prefers to inhabit fresh of brackish water. • This is reported to ascend the river Ganga to a distance of 1127 Km. • This can be attain maximum length up to 22 cm.
- 20. Palaemon styliferus • This is found brackish and marine waters. • This is contributes good catch of the Gangetic delta and Mumbai coast. • This can attain maximum length up to 18 cm.
- 21. Macrobrachium carcinus • This is fresh water prawn and migrate to brackish water for breeding. • This can attain maximum 30 cm. • This prawn is highly demanded species for freezing and export.
- 22. Macrobrachium idae • This is commonly found in Kerala coast water. • During the months of September to December. • This can be attain maximum length 26 cm.
- 23. Macrobrachium malcomsoni • This is migratory species generally found in Chilka lake. • This is fishing in large number in monsoon season. • This attain maximum length up to 15 cm.
- 24. Macrobrachium mirabilis • This is an important prawn catch in the upper reaches. • This is found in West Bengal estuaries. • This become up to length 23 cm.
- 25. Thank You