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Chipko movement
- 2. CONTENTS ▪ Introduction. ▪ History. ▪ Causes. ▪ Rise of the movement. ▪ Aims of the movement. ▪ Founder of the movement. ▪ Why did women support movement. ▪ Women’s role. ▪ Success of the movement.
- 3. INTRODUCTION ▪ It was primarily a forest conservation movement. ▪ It inspired many eco-groups by helping slow down rapid deforestation. ▪ It created a precedent for non-violent protest started in India. ▪ It stirred up the civil society in India to address the issue of tribal people.
- 4. ▪ It was started in 1970 aimed to protect trees ▪ It was started in the northern Himalayan segment ▪ The word “Chipko” refers to “Stick” or “to hug”. ▪ The word came from a word meaning “embrace”. ▪ The main objective of this movement was to ensure an ecological balance.
- 5. History of Chipko Movement ▪ Chipko movement was a daring act of non-violence ▪ It was carried out all over India in order to save trees of the forest for being cut down. ▪ It was originated in Rajasthan in 20th century ▪ BISHNOI community living around the forest protested against the king wishes to cut down the forest trees. ▪ Women and men hugged the trees to prevent cutting down the trees. ▪ Many people lost their lives during protest.
- 6. CAUSES OF CHIPKO MOVEMENT ▪ In Uttarakhand during the 20th century, large scale deforestation brought a lot of hardships to common people. ▪ Problems arose due to inefficient policies of the government. ▪ Lack of environmental & ecological awareness in society. ▪ People gave up on keeping large livestock.
- 7. ▪ Caused malnutrition among people. ▪ Heavy effect on the ecological balance of the region. ▪ Poor condition of land. ▪ Scarcity of drinking water. ▪ Government turned deaf ears to the people's conditions.
- 8. RISE OF CHIPKO MOVEMENT ▪ On March 26, 1974, in the absence of men of Reni village & DGSS workers, lumber Laborers arrived by the truckload to start logging operation. ▪ Gaura Devi, along with 27 of village women confronted the loggers. ▪ Loggers threatened them. ▪ Women held bravely & hugged the trees. ▪ Next day the movement spread to the neighboring villages. eventually only after few hours Stand-off the contractors left. ▪ Women were the backbone of the Chipko Movement. ▪ The movement also caught fire in Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Karnataka
- 10. Aims of Chipko movement ▪ To save the trees in that area because the forest is the main source of livelihood in tribal areas. ▪ To maintain the ecological balance of that area
- 11. FOUNDER OF CHIPKO MOVEMENT ▪ Sunder Lal Bahuguna (Environmentalist) ▪ Enlightened the country and our world about the movement, its success, and environmental impact. ▪ Padmabhushan winner for his contribution in the movement.
- 12. WHY DID WOMEN SUPPORT CHIPKO MOVEMENT? ▪ The message of the Chipko workers made a direct appeal to rural women. ▪ For rural women, saving the environment was crucial to their economic survival. ▪ As primary food, fuel, and water gatherers, women had a strong interest in reversing deforestation, desertification and water pollution. ▪ Thus when Mahatma Gandhi gave a call to women to come out of their homes to work for the cause, sheer survival made women support the movement.
- 13. Women’s role in Chipko movement ▪ In the case of women’s role in the Chipko movement, (Chipko a word meaning hugging) is used to describe the movement because local village women literally “hugged” trees, interposing their bodies between the trees and the loggers to prevent their being cut down.
- 14. Success of Chipko movement ▪ Success of Chipko movement ▪ The movement has spread to many states in the country. ▪ It stopped the felling of trees in the Western Ghats and theVindhyas. ▪ Generated pressure for the formulation of natural resource policy. ▪ Achieved a major victory in 1980 with a 15-year ban on green felling in the Himalayan forests ▪ More than 1,00,000 trees have been saved from excavation.
- 15. ▪ Started protecting forest slopes and Restoring bare ones. ▪ Afterward environmental awareness increased dramatically in India. ▪ New methods of forest farming have been developed, both to conserve the forests and create employment. ▪ By 1981, over a million trees had been planted through their efforts. ▪ Villagers paid special attention in care of the trees and forest trees are being used judiciously
- 16. BIBLIOGRAPHY ▪ https://www.slideshare.net ▪ https://www.american.edu ▪ http://bostonglobalaction.net
- 17. THANKS