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MORPHOLOGY OF PRAWN (Penaeus indicus)
- 2. Penaeus indicus Penaeus is the marine prawn,widely distributed in tropical and temparate seas. The segmented body of prawn has two regions,cephalothorax and abdomen. Cephalothorax is formed by the fusion of thirteen segments,namely five cephalic and eight thoracic. Abdominal region has segments and a terminal conical process,called telson.
- 4. The body of prawn is elongated,hemispherical and slightly tapering at the posterior end. The fresh specimen is slightly bluish in colour. The whole body of prawn is covered by a segmented cuticular exoskeleton,secreated by the underlying epidermis. It is formed of chitin and protein.
- 5. Exoskeleton protects the body and provides provisions for the attachment of muscles. It also give some internal support through its infoldings, called apodemes. Apodemes not only increase the area for the attachment of muscles but also protect soft internal organs.
- 6. Exoskeletal covering is segmented,and its segments are called sclerites. Each body segment bears a pair of appantages on its ventral side. Thus there is 19 pairs of appendages;five pair of cephalic ,eight pairs of thoracic and six pairs of abdominal.
- 7. Cephalic appandages are five pairs in number. They include the paired antennules,antennae,mandibles,first maxillae and second maxillae. Antennules and antennae are tactile structures,mandibles are masticatory structures used to cutting the food into pieces,and the first and second maxillae serves as feeding food.
- 9. Thoracic appandages are eight pairs in number. It includes first,second and third maxillipede and five walking legs. In these first three walking legs are cheliped and other two are non-cheliped.
- 11. Abdominal appendages are six pairs in number. They are used for swimming and hence called pleopods. the last pair of pleopods are called uropods. the first pleopod is different in two sexes.
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